Afghans occasionally speak about their land as “the graveyard of empires” with pride. But tragically, it has now turned into a grave site for human rights and human rights for women. Women have been denied access to basic freedoms, work opportunities, and education since the Taliban took back control, and their voices in public life have been suppressed by harsh restrictions. Afghanistan used to be a symbol of resistance against foreign dominance, but this terrible reality has turned it into a country where basic equality and human dignity are relentlessly threatened.

In 2022, the UN released a warning that half of Afghans were experiencing severe food insecurity. Millions of people lost their jobs when the Taliban took power, the financial system collapsed, and the economy fell apart due to the abrupt cessation of foreign aid. More significantly, experts who were already in low supply began to depart the nation. At the same time, poverty became the defining characteristic of Afghan society, women were gradually isolated from the social lifecycle, and females were deprived of secondary schooling. With every year that has gone by, those early warnings have happened.

According to development economist Paul Collier’s argument in The Bottom Billion, nations that emerge from protracted conflict often find themselves caught in a “conflict trap,” where peace by itself cannot lead to sustainable development unless it is accompanied by strong institutions, opportunities for economic growth, and sound governance.

According to development economist Paul Collier’s argument in The Bottom Billion, nations that emerge from protracted conflict often find themselves caught in a “conflict trap,” where peace by itself cannot lead to sustainable development unless it is accompanied by strong institutions, opportunities for economic growth, and sound governance.

One of the largest paradoxes in modern world politics is Afghanistan. Taliban now........

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