The lights at COP30 have dimmed in Belém, and the rows of negotiating tables stand deserted. Yet as the final gavel struck, it echoed not with resolve, but resignation. COP30, for all its promise, did not live up to expectations. Instead, it quietly folded into the long archive of climate conferences that spoke loudly at the start and whispered at the end.

A summit charged with urgency failed to deliver its most critical task, which was an........

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