There cannot be a multipolar world without safe movement, trade, and integration across the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea. Therefore, BRICS must stabilize these waterways to make them, safe, and competitive relative to the Atlantic.

Preventing the historical Asia-Africa integration

The US and Europe attempt to prevent Africa-Asian integration, which historically supported great civilizations in The Middle East, India, and Africa. These North Atlantic countries pursue their policy through creating security threats and inflaming tensions in the Red Sea, and the Indian Ocean. Iban Battuta, a 14th century explorer, revealed advanced social, economic, and intellectual integration involving the North and East Africa, Middle East, Central Asia, India, and East Asia, which thrived due to safe Red Sea, and Indian Ocean. This integration occurred in the context of thriving societies spanning these regions from Mombasa in East Africa, Morocco in North Africa, Astrakhan in Russia, and beyond India to the east.

Therefore, the notion propagated by European-Atlantic empires, that the rest of the world was dark and backward before western colonization, is false. European’s account is also wrong according to western early explorers (who were pillagers, and pirates), who reported finding city-states conducting spice trade along the East African, Arabian, and Indian coasts. These explorers proceeded to plunder these city-states and to pirate spice trade to returned treasures and spices and hence enrich Europeans.

Former colonial empires understand that Indians, Arabs, and Africans can rebuild their ancient trade, develop wealth, and be strong trade partners of Eurasian powers. This prospect alarms the historically resource-poor Atlantic empires, inspiring them to attempt to make the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean risky for navigation and trade, while keeping the North Atlantic safe and hence economically competitive. Also, unsafe Red........

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