In an era marked by geopolitical turbulence and humanitarian crises, the surge in migration from the regions surrounding the Sahara to the southern shores of Europe encapsulates the distressing narratives of our time: struggle, desperation, and exploitation. What was once a concerning trend has now descended into what might most aptly be described as a “dirty war.” This war is characterized by a convergence of conflict, political autocracy, and geopolitical maneuverings that exacerbate an already dire situation.

The Sahel region, spanning from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea, is entrenched in a complex web of crises driven by environmental decay, severe poverty, ongoing jihadist activities, intercommunal strife, and enduring instability. Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso, among others, are particularly hard hit by these adversities. Malicious entities capitalize on local grievances and governmental shortcomings, seizing opportunities to expand their power and establish footholds in areas lacking effective governance.

Each year, multitudes succumb to the ravages of violent escalations associated with extremist factions, resulting in the decimation of local economies and the displacement of entire communities. This pervasive insecurity compels a significant exodus, as droves embark on treacherous odysseys in pursuit of sanctuary or improved prospects in Europe. Yet, these passages are rife with perils, as migrants........

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