The contemporary world is rapidly transforming with fast technological advancements. Like various other global aspects, warfare’s nature is evolving with time. The conventional measures of military strength, such as the number of troops, infantry, and typical weaponry, are no longer determinants of invincible national security. The changing dynamics of warfare demand an innovative approach to building a modernized defense system, focusing on cyber warfare, artificial intelligence (AI), and space technology.

The 21st-century warfare dynamics and emerging security concerns have compelled the modern world to enhance its technological capabilities to strengthen the defense mechanism. For a country like Pakistan, having a significant geostrategic position, particularly its proximity to India, Afghanistan, and China, and internal political and economic complexities further necessitate the need for a modernized military mechanism. This advancement is also vital to maintaining regional stability while safeguarding national security. Historically, Pakistan’s defense strategy has mostly revolved around mitigating the conventional security threats from India. However, the global shift in warfare nature has made technological and military evolution an imperative.........

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