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Foreign Affairs |
The De-escalatory Logic That Will Shape Negotiations
The De-escalatory Logic That Will Shape Negotiations
Menaced by an aggressive Russia and no longer able to count on the United States for its security, the European Union is scrambling to chart a way...
In nearly six weeks of war with Iran, the United States’ and Israel’s military performance has been unexpectedly effective. Between the start of...
The Peril and Promise of an Economic Boom
Four years ago, Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban’s authority was at its peak. After 12 years in which he systematically dismantled Hungary’s...
The First Gulf War’s Lessons for What to Do—and Not Do—in Iran
Three years into the country’s catastrophic civil war, Sudan’s patchwork of battlefields has hardened into something that resembles a de facto...
President Donald Trump’s announcement of a two-week cease-fire on Tuesday night has ended, at least temporarily, the fighting between the United...
The U.S.-led talks to end the war in Ukraine have been placed on hold. The Trump administration’s focus on Iran might be the proximate reason, but...
As artificial intelligence increasingly defines economic and strategic competition between the United States and China, the technology also creates...
Wars in Gaza, Iran, and Elsewhere Have Sunk Washington’s Reputation—Maybe for Good
Given that U.S. President Donald Trump spent the first year of his second term imposing steep tariffs on European goods, toying with the idea of...
Israel and the United States may have launched the war on Iran. But it is the Gulf Arab states that have borne the brunt of Tehran’s response. Since...
And the Dangerous Allure of Energy Autarky
Lebanon has become a front in the U.S.-Israeli war on Iran. On March 1, Naim Qassem, the leader of Hezbollah—the Lebanese militia backed and armed...
Immediately after Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Ukrainian leaders pleaded with their American and European partners to...
How America and Israel Can Shape a New Middle East
China has long been dismissed as the world’s factory floor—a country that excels at manufacturing technologies invented elsewhere yet is unable to...
The U.S.-Israeli war against Iran has created the largest disruption to global oil and liquefied natural gas supplies in modern history. Just before...
A War’s Unintended Consequences—for Iran, the Middle East, and the Global Order
Who Will Determine the Fate of the Islamic Republic?
The U.S.-Israeli war against Iran has triggered one of the Middle East’s long-feared nightmares: a full-blown regional conflagration. The expansion...
The End of the Dream of Economic Integration
Earlier this month, Democrats in the House and Senate proposed resolutions that sought to reassert Congress into the warmaking process and limit...
President Donald Trump has long disdained the European Union. In his first term, he frequently railed against the bloc, describing it as a “foe”...
Beijing Fears American Volatility More Than American Power
As the war with Iran rages on and gets more costly by the day, rumblings about a potential cease-fire have emerged from Washington. After threatening...
President Donald Trump’s decision late last year to start seizing Venezuelan oil tankers throughout the high seas marks a significant shift in...
When the United States and Israel started bombarding Iran in late February, U.S. President Donald Trump and his advisers likely believed that they...
For America, the War’s Benefits Won’t Outweigh Its Costs
Judging by the metrics of conventional conflict, Iran is not faring well against the United States and Israel. Its adversaries are destroying crucial...
Trump’s War on Iran Reveals a Foreign Policy Without Principles
Over the past few weeks, U.S. President Donald Trump and his team have voiced contradictory objectives for the war they, together with Israel,...
Since 2020, Russia has been expanding its presence in the Sahel region, seizing the initiative from Paris and Washington and enhancing its standing...
How America and China Can Avoid the Blunders That Led to World War I
On a cold winter evening in 1773, dozens of mechanics and artisans carrying axes and clubs made their way to Griffin’s Wharf in colonial Boston....
Southeast Asia should be benefiting from China’s rise. Beijing has made the region’s growth a priority: Chinese leader Xi Jinping’s Maritime...
Why a Desperate Regime Might Go After Soft Targets
In the early 1980s, rural Chinese workers saw their incomes surge amid the country’s economic liberalization. It was the beginning of one of the...
Trump Needs an Off-Ramp
Imagine two Middle Eastern countries. The first is very unlike the rest of the region. It is economically highly productive, with a GDP per capita of...
After years of condemnations, sanctions, and small-scale attacks, in late February, the United States and Israel finally launched a large-scale war on...
How America Can Take Advantage of the Status Quo
There is a particular kind of vertigo that comes from watching a diplomatic scenario you spent decades trying to prevent materialize in real time. For...
And Why It Augurs a More Dangerous World
In the weeks since the United States and Israel launched their war on Iran, the Middle East has witnessed a dramatic and unprecedented escalation by...
The decision U.S. President Donald Trump made to attack Iran was a high-stakes gamble. The gamble is not really in the military campaign itself, which...
Both Sides Will Struggle to Reintegrate Millions of Veterans
Since the end of World War II, the countries of western Europe have relied on the United States for their security. Thus safeguarded, these countries...