Prescript: The World Bank which developed the concept of the Ease of Doing Business in 2003 officially discontinued it in 2021 because of major data manipulations. During 2024-2026, the Bank rolled out a redesigned framework, Business Ready (B-READY) which shifts the focus from narrow regulatory checkboxes to evaluating a country’s business environment, balancing the ease of commercial operations with public interest protections like environmental sustainability and labour rights.

Historically placed in the lowest tier of “Emerging Business Ecosystems” in India, J&K climbed rather dramatically to 5th rank in the Ease of Doing Business (EoDB) in 2025. It was designated as a Top Achiever by the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade at the national Udyog Samagam after scoring top marks in 4 out of 5 critical reform categories. Spurred on by this success, the government introduced the J&K Ease of Doing Business Act, 2026. The Bill, which was endorsed by industry, trade and commerce bodies, has generated a well-informed debate among diverse stakeholders. Ideally, such a bill should have been put out for formal public consultation instead of taking an internal departmental route with a compressed legislative timetable. In the context of this debate, it might be useful to spell out that Ease of Doing Business is a horizontal clearance law. It is about reducing the time, cost and uncertainty of complying with rules that already exist; licences, inspections, information demands, timelines for decisions. EoDB sets the procedural floor. The directional ceiling will, hopefully, be set in the forthcoming Industrial Policy, 2026–35. It will identify priority sectors or activities, offers capital subsidies, tax or GST-linked benefits, interest subvention, land on preferential terms, or infrastructure. The distinction is important because a lot of what is applauded or apprehended from the EODB is neither its remit nor a consequence. Much of the public anxiety and expectation is from the wrong instrument. The J&K Ease of Doing Business Act, 2026, complies with the........

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