The Trump administration is promoting a new agreement with Iran as a diplomatic breakthrough. White House talking points emphasize Iranian commitments to forgo nuclear weapons, international verification, regional stability and economic incentives tied to compliance. Yet many of the details that have emerged so far raise more questions than answers.

Administration officials point to Iran's reported commitment, in writing, not to pursue nuclear weapons. But Iran has already made that commitment before. The country has been a signatory to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty since 1970. The challenge has never been the language on paper; it has been enforcement.

History offers ample reason for skepticism. Supporters of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action similarly argued that inspections and monitoring would prevent Iran from advancing its nuclear ambitions. Critics warned that Tehran would exploit loopholes and conceal activities. Whatever one's view of the JCPOA, the lesson remains: Agreements are only as effective as their enforcement mechanisms.

That is why recent comments from President Donald Trump and Vice President JD Vance deserve close scrutiny.

Trump initially framed the administration's position as one of "no enrichment." Yet recent statements suggest a more flexible approach. The president has........

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