Why ibuprofen is better than paracetamol for period pain |
For something that affects millions every month, period pain remains surprisingly poorly treated.
A recent analysis of supermarket transaction data from over three million shoppers found that paracetamol is the most purchased painkiller for menstrual cramps – despite being a less effective option than ibuprofen for this type of pain. The finding highlights a mismatch between what people buy and what actually works.
Period pain, or dysmenorrhoea, is caused by hormone-like chemicals called prostaglandins. As the womb lining is broken down each month, the uterus releases these chemicals, which trigger strong contractions to help shed the lining.
High levels of prostaglandins make these contractions more intense and reduce blood flow to the uterus, creating the cramping, dragging pain many people experience. Prostaglandins are linked to inflammation and may also cause other effects during a period, such as nausea.
Ibuprofen may work better than paracetamol for period pain because it belongs to the family of NSAIDs (non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs). These medicines block cyclooxygenase (Cox) enzymes, which are essential for prostaglandin production. By reducing prostaglandins, ibuprofen tackles the cause of period pain.
Paracetamol works differently. Unlike ibuprofen, paracetamol only weakly inhibits peripheral Cox enzymes, therefore lacking significant anti-inflammatory effects.
Paracetamol’s effects are mainly exerted in the brain........