Childhood adversity, encompassing experiences such as emotional and physical abuse, neglect, and witnessing intimate partner violence, has long been recognized as a major public health problem, particularly in high-income countries. Such experiences can lead to severe neurobiological, physical, and mental issues, affecting one's ability to cope with stress throughout life. Despite the generally negative view of these adversities, a growing body of research suggests that they can also foster traits that contribute to success in adulthood, especially in entrepreneurial and leadership roles.
The underdog framework suggests that negative personal circumstances, including childhood adversities, can create adaptive responses that align well with the demands of entrepreneurship. High uncertainty, risk, creativity, and quick decision-making are characteristic of entrepreneurial contexts. Individuals who have life experiences of adversity, for example, substance use disorder (SUD), often develop resilience, a key trait for navigating these challenges successfully. The stress inoculation model supports this by showing that manageable levels of stress can enhance resilience, whereas excessive stress can be harmful.
Research by the National Institute on Drug Abuse reveals that individuals in recovery exhibit higher emotional intelligence and empathy, qualities that can cultivate a more compassionate and supportive........