Antimicrobial Resistance directly kills more than 1 million people and is associated with almost 5 million deaths every year, that are expected to increase by 50% in the next 25 years. It also threatens our economies, with an estimated global annual cost of up to US$ 3.4 trillion by 2030 and 28 million people pushed to poverty by 2050. Every death and suffering due to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is unacceptable and is essentially preventable.

Thomas Joseph, Head, AMR Awareness, Campaigns and Advocacy, at the World Health Organization (WHO), and Chairperson of AMR Awareness Working Group for the Quadripartite Joint Secretariat on AMR, explains that antimicrobials are different kinds of medicines- like antibiotics which treat infections caused by bacteria like TB; antiviruses which treat infections caused by viruses like HIV; anti parasitics that treat infections caused by parasites like malaria; antifungals that treat infections caused by fungi like ringworm. When these medicines stop working we say antimicrobial resistance occurs. In other words, AMR occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites no longer respond to medicines. As a result, infections (sometimes even minor ones) become difficult or even impossible to treat.

Speaking at the 4th Edition of the Annual Global Media Forum around World AMR Awareness Week (WAAW), Thomas listed the drivers of AMR. Misuse and overuse of antimicrobials; lack of access to quality, medicines, vaccines and diagnostics; lack of access to clean water, sanitation and hygiene; poor infection and disease prevention and control in healthcare facilities; improper waste disposal by healthcare facilities, pharmaceutical units and farms; coupled with lack of awareness and knowledge- all of these contribute to AMR and lead to increase in sickness, morbidity and mortality in humans and animals, as well as huge economic and productivity losses and increased healthcare expenditure, he said.

It threatens our ability to treat common infections and to perform life-saving procedures including cancer........

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