Russian President Vladimir Putin’s two-day visit to India on December 4, 2025, marks one of the most consequential diplomatic engagements between Moscow and New Delhi in recent years. After a four-year gap, the Russian leader’s arrival-at the invitation of Prime Minister Narendra Modi-symbolizes not only the resilience of the bilateral partnership amid global tensions, but also a renewed push to shield long-standing ties from Western pressure and geopolitical realignment.

As both countries navigate a global landscape transformed by sanctions, wars, supply chain disruptions, and shifting alliances, Putin’s 2025 India visit appears poised to redefine the trajectory of Indo-Russian cooperation, especially in defense, trade, and energy. Ten major agreements and policy shifts are expected, each carrying the potential to reshape India’s military modernization plans and Russia’s economic revival strategy. Below is an in-depth analysis of the top deals likely to emerge from the summit-and their broader implications.

One of the largest and most closely watched deals is India’s expected move to procure Russia’s Su-57, a fifth-generation stealth fighter jet. India has long sought to upgrade its air power with advanced stealth capabilities, especially as China expands the deployment of its J-20 and Pakistan deepens military ties with Beijing.

The Su-57 deal is envisioned in two phases. Initially, New Delhi may import a limited number of jets directly from Russia for immediate operational deployment. Over time, as part of India’s “Make in India” defense initiative, production is expected to shift to HAL Nashik, giving India access to sophisticated technology transfer-a key demand in previous military negotiations with Moscow.

If finalized, the Su-57........

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